One of the most interesting works by Florent Schmitt is his Lied et Scherzo, Op. 54, which he composed in 1910.
Paul Dukas (1965-1935): Florent Schmitt’s Lied et Scherzo was dedicated to his fellow French composer.
The piece was first conceived as a work for double wind quintet, with one of the French horns acting as soloist throughout.
The work was dedicated to Schmitt’s fellow French composer Paul Dukas, who was famous for his own concertante work for French horn, the Villanelle (composed four years earlier in 1906).
Musicologist Pierre Barbier describes Lied et Scherzo as a “surprising diptych” that begins in a “dreamy, passionate” mood followed by a “fantastic, biting scherzo.” American music critic Steven Kruger goes even further, characterizing the music as follows:
Steven Kruger
“Florent Schmitt has a remarkable ability to suggest richly implicit drama. This seemingly perky piece for ten winds begins with a slow “pregnant moment” in danger of being destabilized by nervous happenings. It then brings to life a gentle French horn romance and its Petrushka-like disturbances — coincidently, Stravinsky’s ballet being composed at exactly the same time — as if painting a scene for us from the texture of daily life.
It’s such a terrific piece, you forget it was written for a small group of players.”
I’d echo Kruger’s observation: To my ears, the music sounds positively “orchestral” in its conception, notwithstanding the limited number of players.
Simply put, it’s a thrilling piece of music.
Precision and passion: The Prague Winds’ impressive performance.
I own a number of recordings of Lied et Scherzo in its original all-winds form – one featuring members of the Lydian Chamber Players recorded in concert in November 1977 at the Episcopal Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City (released on the AmCam label) … one with the Sylvan Winds, from 1992 (on the Koch label) … another Koch label release — this one from 1994 with Janos Komives and the Serenade Orchestra … a performance featuring the Czech Nonet, recorded in 2000 and released on the Praga label … and lastly, a French recording from 2008 featuring members of L’Orchestre d’Harmonie de la Région Centre (on the Corelia label).
Of the five, my personal favorite is the Czech Nonet performance, which to my mind possesses the perfect blend of precision and ardor – not least in the very challenging horn part.
Corbin Wagner
To experience this music in performance is a particularly special treat, because of the chance to “see” the ingenious interplay between the instruments as the musical motifs are tossed back and forth among them, particularly in the scherzo section. This wonderful recent concert performance featuring horn soloist Corbin Wagner along with members of the MSU Wind Symphony illustrates these aspects of the score beautifully.
Paul Bazelaire (1886-1958)
As with a fair number of other works by Florent Schmitt, the composer also created alternate versions of this music featuring different instrumentation.
One version features cello and piano, in which form the music was first performed in 1911 by the renowned cellist Paul Bazelaire. About that version of the piece, Schmitt biographer Yves Hucher wrote of the score’s “melodious daydreams, passionate development and fantastic rhythms,” and how the music “positively shimmers.”
In addition to premiering the cello-and-piano version of Florent Schmitt’s Lied et scherzo, Paul Bazelaire performed the piece with its original small orchestra garb. This Colonne Concerts program from January 1926 features Bazelaire playing the music under the direction of composer-conductor Gabriel Pierné. (Vintage program courtesy of Cyril Bongers)
To my knowledge, no recorded performance exists of the cello-and-piano version of the Lied et Scherzo … but we do have a very fine performance of another alternate version of this music: one featuring French horn and piano.
A personal favorite: the French horn and piano version of Lied et Scherzo with Pierre del Vescovo and Jean Hubeau.
In this case, it is a stellar realization by the impressive French horn soloist Pierre del Vescovo, joined by pianist Jean Hubeau, in an Erato recording dating from 1980.
That recording remains available today in a multi-disc set featuring five important Schmitt works for orchestra and for chamber ensemble. It has also been uploaded to YouTube on one of Philippe Louis’ fine music channels, and can be heard here.
A vintage copy of Florent Schmitt’s Lied et scherzo, in the composer’s version of the score for horn and piano.
[Pierre del Vescovo and Corbin Wagner are just two of a number of horn players who have been attracted to the “challenging charms” of this music. The Australian-American performer Barry Tuckwell is another accomplished soloist who has played this music in recital in the United States and Canada.]
The original LP release of the Pierre del Vescovo/Jean Hubeau recording on Erato.
The French horn/piano version happens to be my favorite of all of the permutations of this music that Schmitt created. To give you a sense of the visceral excitement that this music conveys, a recent live performance done by horn player Caroline Steiger and pianist Jeannette Fang is idiomatic and highly effective.
But … we mustn’t give short shrift to the composer’s fourth and final version – this one created for piano four-hands. It had its premiere recording only in 2012 — more than a century after its composition — and was released in 2013 by NAXOS Grand Piano in a highly effective reading by the Invencia Piano Duo as part of this group’s 4-CD set of the entire catalogue of Florent Schmitt’s works for piano four-hands. It has also been uploaded on YouTube (accessible in the United States only).
Writing about the all-piano version of the Lied et Scherzo, the South African-British music critic Dan Morgan stated:
“Lied et Scherzo … is remarkable for its ‘solo’ passages set against discreet utterances from the ‘orchestra,’ as it were. It makes for a perky little dialogue, a strong sense of argument and counter-argument, which is always genial. It’s certainly not loquacious – that’s not Schmitt’s way – and this 11-minute tête à tête seems to pass in a flash.”
Going further, the Invencia Piano Duo’s Andrey Kasparov has written that “the melodious Lied gradually segues into the driving and goal-oriented Scherzo, at times featuring intense polymetric layerings of contrasting materials that presage similar ideas by Ravel, Carter and others.”
The Belasco Theatre on West 44th Street in New York City. This impressive venue for the February 2, 1914 Barrère presentation of Florent Schmitt’s Lied et scherzo was built in 1907. Originally known as the Stuvysant Theatre, it was renamed for the impresario David Belasco, an early financial backer of the venture, in 1910.
As a measure of the importance of this score, the Lied et Scherzo was one of the works featured in the 1914 cross-American tour of the Barrère Ensemble of Wind Instruments, a performing group organized by the Franco-American principal flautist of the New York Philharmonic, Georges Barrère. Among the cities where the work was performed were Boston,Detroit, Cincinnati, New York City at the Belasco Theatre and also the Cooper Union — and even Charleston, West Virginia.
Georges Barrère (1876-1944): The Franco-American flautist included Florent Schmitt’s Lied et Scherzo in the repertoire of the Barrère Ensemble’s cross-American tour in 1914.
As recounted in Nancy Toff’s biography Georges Barrère, Monarch of the Flute, a reviewer at one of the concerts (at the Cooper Union) wrote this of the Schmitt piece: “Only a portion of the audience seemed to take a fancy to this latter ultra-modern music.”
One could certainly quibble about whether the music was indeed “ultra-modern” in 1914 — and it certainly doesn’t seem that way today. Either way, I find the Lied et Scherzo to be one of Schmitt’s most musically satisfying compositions, not least the incredible — and thrilling — scherzo section of the work.
I recommend that you investigate this highly interesting score. See if you don’t feel similarly.
Lied et scherzo all over the world: This performance of Florent Schmitt’s masterpiece was presented at the Karlsruhe Institue for Technology on October 29, 1922. Also on the program were symphonies of Honegger and Schumann.